Canadian Inflation In Focus As BoC Considers Additional Rate Cuts

There are not many German words that have found their way into international usage. Kindergarten is probably the most prominent one. In recent months, however, ‘Schadenfreude’ and ‘Schuldenbremse’ were clearly added to the list – at least in the financial community. 

‘Schadenfreude’ or maybe also ‘cringe’ when looking at the German economy and the major protagonists. It is struggling with first recognising the structural changes and weaknesses of the economy and then with finding solutions. The economy has been in a de facto stagnation for more than four years, industrial production is still some 10% below its pre-pandemic level, international competitiveness has deteriorated, and the growing investment gap of the last decade has become visible in many parts of the economy. 

There is no single reason for the collapse of the German government almost two weeks ago, but it is clear that the ‘Schuldenbremse’ played a prominent role, next to growing personal tensions between the leaders of the coalition partners, dropping support in regional elections and opinion polls as well as different views on how tackle the weak economy. 

Looking ahead and beyond the upcoming elections in February, the main economic question the next government will have to answer is as simple as it is complicated: how will Germany restore international competitiveness and growth? And the solution, which is as simple as it is complicated, is: Germany will have to go either the Southern European way with structural reforms and (forced) austerity or with structural reforms, investments and somewhat looser fiscal policy. 

A reminder – what is the German debt brake?

The German fiscal debt brake, or “Schuldenbremse,” was a political reaction to the financial crisis in 2008 and surging government debt. It was agreed in 2009, when German government debt stood at around 70% of GDP, and became effective in 2010, when government debt was at 80% of GDP. The arguments behind the fiscal debt brake were to anchor sustainable public finances in the Constitution and prevent politicians from engaging in irresponsible fiscal spending. Changes need a two-thirds majority in parliament.

The debt brake restricts structural annual budget deficits to 0.35% of GDP and commits regional state governments to balanced budgets since 2020. Remember that the recently revised European fiscal rules no longer prescribe a certain fiscal deficit when a country has a debt ratio of below 60% of GDP but will instead focus on a sustainable path for public expenditures. Back to the German debt brake, there are provisions for exceptions in cases of natural disasters or severe economic crises, allowing for a temporary suspension of the debt brake, as in the European rules. The war in Ukraine and the pandemic have been valid reasons for exemptions but for the 2025 budget not everyone in the government wanted to opt for another year of special circumstances.

Current state of German public finances

When reading about the current political debate on public finances in Germany, one could get the impression that Germany is close to bankruptcy. The opposite is true. According to the latest forecasts by the European Commission, German government debt has stabilised slightly above 60% of GDP and is expected to stay there until 2026. Germany has by far the lowest government debt ratio of the larger eurozone countries. For example, France currently runs a government debt ratio of 115% of GDP. The expenditure ratio in Germany is currently at 49% of GDP, in France it is at 57% of GDP.

Admittedly, German public finances will be facing more stress over the longer term as a result of demographics. Just think of ageing having a negative impact of government revenues as less people will be at work and at the same time higher government expenditures, for example for pensions and health care. According to European Commission estimates, ageing-related public expenditures in Germany will rise by 2 percentage points over the next decades. However, in the IMF’s estimates of government net debt, Germany’s position will improve over the next five years and is one of the lowest in the eurozone. Debt sustainability is currently not an issue.

No overhaul of the economy without an overhaul of the debt brake?

The government collapsed over personal tensions, disappointing results in the opinion polls and different views on how to get the economy out of its current stagnation and structural weakness. The different economic policy ideas will therefore very likely play an important role at the upcoming elections on 23 February 2025. Differences will mainly occur on how and where to cut expenditures and how to finance or incentivise investments.

Reaching the debt brake during the economic good times of the 2010s was achieved via low interest rate payments and reduced investments. As a result, the economy has fallen behind in important fields like infrastructure, digitalisation and education – often traditional public goods. Of course, it is not only about public investment, as private investment plays a far bigger role. But without public goods and public incentives, there won’t be private sector investments. Currently, the investment gap in Germany is estimated to be some 600bn euro, or some 15% of GDP. Also, add to this another 30bn euro per year, which would be needed to bring German defence spending to the 2% of GDP target. The closing of such a gap will never be achieved by only cutting expenditures. Consequently, any serious effort to fundamentally reform and improve the German economy will have to come with fiscal stimulus. Stimulus that would also benefit the debt-to-GDP ratio as in the German debate very often the denominator is overlooked. Debt ratios can also come down when GDP growth picks up.

Any serious efforts to fundamentally reform and improve the German economy will have to come with fiscal stimulus

Whether the debt brake will be officially changed after the elections remains unclear at present. Interestingly, the CDU has started to make some moves, in our view paving the way for investment-related fiscal stimulus after the elections. As official changes can only be made with a two-thirds majority in parliament, everything will depend on the results for the AfD and the FDP, probably the only two parties left with a very rigid opposition against changes to the debt brake. According to current polls, the two parties together could get some 25% of the votes, with the FDP still at risk of not making it into parliament at all. 

In any case, whether there are official changes to the debt brake, following proposals like a golden rule for (defence) investments, a higher structural deficit or a longer exemption period for the sake of infrastructure investments, or whether any new government would opt for other tools, doesn’t matter. Fiscal stimulus is here to come. Other financing tools could still include the so-called Sondervermögen (special purpose vehicles). Contrary to public belief, the Constitutional Court didn’t prohibit these vehicles but only ruled against shifting money from one to the other. A special purpose vehicle to finance an infrastructure and digitalisation modernisation programme could be possible.

Taking the 600bn euro investment gap as a starting point, this would mean more than 1.5% GDP additional fiscal stimulus over the next ten years. 

When any next government has to decide on the future path for the economy, there are simply two options: structural reforms and investment via austerity or structural reforms via investment and looser fiscal policies. In all honesty, it's not a difficult choice. And with looser fiscal policy and a reform and investment agenda, it could be time for Europe to dust off another German word often used: Leitmotiv.

Week in Review: Soft Landing in Jeopardy?

A week that promised much is drawing to a somber close. Following two action packed weeks, last week which included US CPI and PPI data was muted in comparison. However, the week was not a waste by any means and provided some valuable insights while at the same time raising some key questions.

The biggest takeaway for last week is, whether or not a soft landing is still on the cards?

An uptick in PPI coupled with rising US Yields and stubborn CPI data have brought the question back to the fore.

In Q3, the chance of a soft-landing went up from 40% to 42%. At the same time, the likelihood of a recession dropped from 30% to 28%, and the chance of stagflation went down from 28% to 27%. The highest probability is for a soft-landing, meaning there’s a greater chance of steady growth over the next year.

The chances for different growth scenarios stayed mostly the same as last quarter. However, the election results have added uncertainty to the economic outlook, which might lead to changes in these chances going forward.

Given the comments by Fed Chair Powell and the history of the Fed, another monetary policy pivot in early 2025 is unlikely. Powell has made it clear that the Fed will gauge the impact of Government policy before making any decisions, which will mean a Q1 or potentially Q2 pivot remains unlikely as markets come to terms with a Trump return to the White House.

Taking into account all of the above however, market participants do not seem fazed by Fed Chair Powell’s comments. The probabilities and implied rates for 2025 remain muted with less rate cuts the base case, as market participants continue to see increased inflation in the new year. The impact of this continues to be felt by the US Dollar and US Yields in particular both of which have enjoyed bullish weeks.

Markets are now pricing in around 72 bps of rate cuts through December 2025, down from 77 bps on Wednesday. This was down to a rise in US PPI and strong retail sales and NY Fed manufacturing data. Adding fuel to this were some announcements by President elect Trump where he touted some key foreign policy positions to known China Hawks. This will no doubt exacerbate concerns of a more aggressive stance toward China and increase trade war concerns.

Moving forward, these developments might be more important than the pricing of the December meeting where the likelihood of a cut still remains above the 60% mark.

Source: LSEG (click to enlarge)

The surprise of the week came from US Indices with the SPX and Nasdaq 100 giving back the majority of its post election gains. The SPX and Nasdaq 100 are 2.03% and 3.17% down for last week at the time of writing.

The biggest winner of the week was the crypto space with Bitcoin (BTC/USD) roaring to fresh ATH highs around the $93k handle. Markets remain optimistic that President Trump will follow through on his pro-crypto stance with various opinions floating around.

Commodity markets came under strain again last week with rising yields and the DXY pushing Gold down to lows around $2536/oz, as much as 5% down for last week. Oil pisces also struggled to gain any favor as OPEC downgraded their forecasts for a fourth consecutive month. Brent was down around 3% for the week at the time of writing.

All in all a confusing week, one that is likely to keep markets guessing heading into a busy festive season.

The Week Ahead: Muted Week in APAC, PMI Data Rules

Asia Pacific Markets

This week in the Asia Pacific region will see a slowdown with a surprise meeting called by the Bank of Japan (BoJ) likely to be a highlight.

Japan’s data is likely to show that things are slowly getting back to normal after some temporary disruptions. This should lead to better PMI figures. The manufacturing PMI might stay below average, but the services PMI should improve thanks to temporary tax cuts and rising incomes.

Exports are expected to grow by 1.7% compared to last year, following a 1.7% fall in September, while imports might drop by 4.5% due to lower global commodity prices. Inflation is predicted to decrease to 2.3% compared to last year, mainly because of a high base from last year. However, monthly growth should rise to 0.6%, helped by the end of energy subsidies and strong price increases in services.

The surprise may come on Monday however, per a Reuters report BoJ Governor Ueda will deliver a speech and hold a news conference in Nagoya on Monday, the BOJ said, an event (which wasn’t previously scheduled) that will be closely watched by markets for hints on whether it might raise interest rates next month. The comments by Ueda could spark volatility in Yen pairs following a bout of weakness in recent weeks.

In China, data is thin this week. The loan prime rates will be announced on Wednesday, where no change is expected after the People’s Bank of China has so far held rates unchanged this month.

In Australia the highlight of the week will be the RBA minutes scheduled to be released Tuesday. The report could shed some light on the recent RBA meeting and provide insight into rate policy moving forward.

Europe + UK + US

In developed markets, the Euro Area returns with high impact data and more specifically PMI numbers. This is crucial for the Euro Area as growth is now the primary source of concern for the region given the struggle by its manufacturing powerhouse, Germany. The Euro having lost so much ground in recent weeks to the greenback in particular could face renewed selling pressure if a lackluster PMI print is revealed.

In the UK, Q3 GDP showed the UK economy slowed to 0.1% with the economy in September shrinking by -0.1%. This makes the upcoming CPI data even more important and intriguing with the services inflation print in focus once more.

At the start of October, household energy bills went up by about 10%, which means overall inflation might go above 2% again. However, the Bank of England is more concerned with inflation in services which could rise toward 5% once more. ‘Core Services’ inflation is expected to drop significantly from 4.8% to 4.3%. This small detail probably won’t lead to a rate cut in December, but it suggests that the BoE might cut rates more sharply than the 2-3 cuts currently expected over the next few years.

In the US this week markets enjoy a pause on the data front with one high impact release on the agenda. The S&P PMI report will be released on Thursday which should not have a huge impact.

The next important updates will be the core personal consumer spending figures and the crucial November jobs report, coming out in two and three weeks, respectively.

Chart of the Week

Last week’s focus remains the US Dollar Index (DXY), which has run into multi-month resistance around 107.00 handle. The DXY has been having an effect across global markets together with US Yields and thus my intrigue into where we could head next.

The DXY chart below and you can see the pink box where price is currently hovering which is a key area of resistance that the index has to navigate. Friday saw a significant pullback in the European session, but US Data later in the day provided USD bulls with renewed impetus.

A break above the 107.00 handle may find resistance at 107.97 with a break above this level bringing 109.52 into focus.

Looking at the downside and immediate support rests around 105.63 before the 105.00 handle and the red box on the chart around 104.50 come into focus.

The DXY has been driving price action in all Dollar denominated instruments and this could continue in the week.

US Dollar Index Daily Chart – November 15, 2024

Source:TradingView.Com (click to enlarge)

Key Levels to Consider:

Support

105.63

105.00

104.50

Resistance

107.00

107.97

109.52

Source: ACTIONFOREX

Retail sales rose 0.4% month-on-month (m/m) in October, down from the upwardly revised September 2024 gain of 0.8%, but ahead of the consensus forecast calling for an increase of 0.3% m/m.

Trade in the auto sector rose 1.6% m/m, as the decline at automotive parts and accessory stores (-2.0%) was more than offset by the large increase at motor vehicle dealers (+1.9%).

Sales at gasoline stations rose 0.1 % m/m in October, driven by higher volumes as gas prices fell on the month. The building materials and equipment category rose by 0.5% m/m.

Sales in the “control group”, which excludes the volatile components above (i.e., gasoline, autos and building supplies) and is used in the estimate of personal consumption expenditures (PCE), fell 0.1% m/m, a sizeable deceleration from the upwardly revised 1.2% monthly gain in September.

Modest gains were recorded at non-store retailers (0.3% m/m) and department stores (0.2% m/m).

Sizeable declines were recorded by miscellaneous stores (-1.6% m/m), sporting goods, hobby, book, & music stores (-1.1% m/m), and health & personal care stores (-1.1% m/m).

Food services & drinking places – the only services category in the retail sales report – rose 0.7% m/m. September’s data was also revised up to 1.2% (previously 1.0%).

Key Implications

Retail sales were higher than expected in October due to an outsized uptick in motor vehicle sales, however if motor vehicles are excluded then retails sales were flat on the month. Nevertheless, the 3-month average for retail sales rose from 0.2% in September to 0.6% in October on the back of material upward revisions to the prior month’s data. It’s possible that Hurricane Milton may have distorted sales readings last month, although clean-up and recovery efforts may lead to higher readings in the months ahead.

U.S. consumption remains healthy on aggregate, supported by a stable labor market and solid real income gains. Our tracking currently puts fourth quarter annualized consumption growth above 3% and only slightly below the third quarter’s strong reading. While we currently expect the Federal Reserve to cut by 25 basis points in December, risks surrounding a potential pause to end the year have risen, with markets pricing in roughly 40% odds of that outcome as of the time of writing.

[Quick Facts]

[News Details]

[Today's Focus]

Latest Political News

President-elect Donald Trump has begun shaping his administration, starting with a White House meeting with outgoing President Joe Biden, symbolising the peaceful transfer of power. His cabinet picks have sparked debate, including Rep. Matt Gaetz as Attorney General, a move that drew mixed reactions from Republicans and Justice Department officials. Trump also nominated Robert F. Kennedy Jr. to lead the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), attracting attention for Kennedy’s controversial views on vaccines. As the transition continues, Trump’s bold choices are shaping the direction and priorities of his upcoming term.

Volatility Index

VIX Last Week

Open: 15.80 High: 16.33 Low: 14.47 Close: 15.53

Summary

The continued effects of Trump’s win influenced the VIX at the start of the week, pushing the index lower. However, by the end of the week, the VIX found support around the 15 level as controversial cabinet picks and weakness in U.S. equities added uncertainty. While concerns over Trump’s leadership choices persist, market volatility remains lower than pre-election levels.

VIX Weekly Chart

Market Analysis (Technical, Sentiment, and Fundamental Analysis)

The VIX has found support at the critical 15 level, with the downside appearing limited due to the continued risk of controversial decisions by Trump. If U.S. equities continue to decline, the VIX is likely to rebound toward the 17.5 level, making a move higher in volatility a possibility in the short term.

Potential Impact of the Trump Presidency

With Trump’s clear majority victory, the VIX is expected to settle at lower levels as market confidence grows around continued business-friendly and market-stabilizing policies. However, anticipate periods of quick VIX spikes as new policies, especially those related to trade and international relations, are introduced.

Stock Indices

Dow Jones Index Last Week

Open: 44,077 High: 44,526 Low: 43,374 Close: 43,483

Nikkei 225 Last Week

Open 39,125 High 39,862 Low 37,756 Close 38,039

Summary

The Dow Jones fell last week as the “Trump Effect” continued to fade, with market attention shifting to Fed Chair Jerome Powell’s cautious approach to rate cuts. Powell emphasised that the central bank was “not in a hurry” to lower rates, citing strong economic growth as a reason for patience, while avoiding comments on how Trump’s potential policies might influence future decisions. October retail sales data showed a 0.4% increase, slightly above the 0.3% forecast, following an inflation report that met expectations, signalling steady economic conditions. Meanwhile, the Nikkei failed again to break the 40,000-yen resistance, despite the USD/JPY testing higher levels, as the market prepares for possible Bank of Japan intervention to address yen weakness and the potential of a December rate hike.

Dow Weekly Chart

Nikkei 225 Weekly Chart

Market Analysis (Technical, Sentiment, and Fundamental Analysis)

The Dow Jones has returned to support at levels that previously acted as resistance before Trump’s victory, making the start of the week’s price action crucial. In the short term, the market appears more likely to test lower, suggesting that selling into weakness could be the best strategy this week. Meanwhile, another failure by the Nikkei to break above the 40,000 Yen level reinforces the focus on selling opportunities in the Nikkei for the week ahead.

Potential Impact of the Trump Presidency

A Trump win is expected to benefit the Dow, with the market anticipating tax cuts and deregulation. However, Trump’s ‘America First’ policies and potential tariff increases could pose challenges. This outcome may be less favorable for the Nikkei, as Trump could push for a stronger yen to support U.S. exports, which may hurt Japanese exporters and place downward pressure on the index.

Energy

Oil (WTI) Last Week

Open: 70.31 High: 70.65 Low: 66.91 Close: 67.06

Summary

WTI remained under pressure throughout the week as the bearish trend following Trump’s victory continued, negatively impacted by a strengthening USD. Additional pressure came from increasing supply from non-OPEC producers, particularly the US, Brazil, and Canada. Meanwhile, weak economic data from China encouraged selling, reducing demand expectations and contributing to the downward momentum.

Oil (WTI) Weekly Chart

Market Analysis (Technical, Sentiment, and Fundamental Analysis)

Support at $67 just held last week, but with the negative close, a break of this level seems likely at some point this week. Predicting the exact timing of a support break can be challenging, so selling around $69 could be the most effective strategy for the week ahead.

Potential Impact of the Trump Presidency

The Trump victory is expected to boost US oil production, potentially putting downward pressure on prices as supply rises. Additionally, Trump’s efforts to end unrest in the Middle East could further soften prices if successful. A strong USD under his presidency could also weaken WTI prices.

Crypto

Bitcoin Last Week

Open: 76,379 High: 93,346 Low: 76,318 Close: 90,894

Summary

The post-Trump rally continued last week, with Bitcoin surging past $90,000 as the market eyes the $100,000 milestone. While Trump’s pro-crypto stance fuels optimism, concerns are growing over the size of U.S. government debt, raising fears of dollar devaluation and inflation. Additionally, Elon Musk’s growing influence within the Trump administration is being viewed as a positive development for Bitcoin’s prospects.

Bitcoin Weekly Chart

Market Analysis (Technical, Sentiment, and Fundamental Analysis)

With Bitcoin up over 30% in the past month, concerns about the market being overbought in the short term are growing. A break below $90,000 could trigger profit-taking and lead to a test of support at $85,000, offering short-term traders an opportunity to sell this week. However, the medium-term uptrend remains strong, and a decline toward the $80,000 to $85,000 support zone could present a solid medium-term buying opportunity.

Potential Impact of the Trump Presidency

A Trump victory is clearly bullish for Bitcoin, as Trump and his team are openly crypto-friendly. This supportive stance could drive Bitcoin toward $100,000 or higher in a favourable policy environment.

Upcoming Political & Economic Events

It’s a relatively quiet week for economic releases, aside from Friday’s U.S. PMI data, leaving the market to digest the impact of Trump’s election win and the Federal Reserve’s potential slowdown in the pace of interest rate cuts. With significant recent market movements, trader and investor sentiment will play a key role in driving market direction this week.

Potential Market Impact

The market is currently evaluating the effects of President Trump’s election victory and the potential for the Federal Reserve to decelerate its interest rate cuts. The VIX has stabilised around the 15 mark, with limited downside as traders monitor Trump’s controversial decisions and their potential impact on market volatility. Should U.S. equities continue to weaken, the VIX could rise toward 17.5, presenting short-term trading opportunities. Meanwhile, the Dow Jones has returned to pre-election support levels, making early-week price action crucial. Selling into weakness appears to be the most effective short-term strategy, while the Nikkei’s repeated failure to breach the 40,000 Yen level reinforces selling opportunities in that index.

WTI remains under pressure after just holding the $67 support level. The close near the lows of the week increases the likelihood of a breakdown, making selling near $69 a favourable short-term approach. Bitcoin has surged over 30% in the past month, driven by speculation on the pro-crypto stance of Trump’s administration and its potential to boost demand. However, concerns about overbought conditions are rising. A break below $90,000 could lead to profit-taking, testing support at $85,000 and presenting a short-term selling opportunity. Despite this, Bitcoin’s medium-term uptrend remains strong, with a pullback to the $80,000–$85,000 range potentially offering a compelling buying opportunity for longer-term investors.

This Week’s Trump Trades

The initial shine of Trump’s victory is beginning to fade as the market shifts its focus to potential drawbacks of a Trump presidency. This is a natural progression, as markets are shaped by competing opinions and rarely move in a straight line. Investors will now closely watch for any new policy announcements or cabinet appointments that could signal a more optimistic direction for the market.

Tesla Inc. (TSLA)

Tesla surged higher last Monday, but momentum reversed midweek as profit-taking and broader U.S. stock market weakness pushed the stock lower. This week, support near the 10-day moving average and the $300 level may provide another buying opportunity to capitalise on the uptrend. With elevated volatility and strong momentum, traders are advised to target large gains while managing risk with small losses, as multiple opportunities are expected to arise throughout the week.

Tesla Daily Chart

Bitcoin

Bitcoin has surged over 30% in the past month, raising concerns that the market may be overbought in the short term. A break below $90,000 could spark profit-taking, potentially driving the price down to test support at $85,000, creating a short-term selling opportunity for traders this week. Despite these short-term risks, the medium-term uptrend remains intact, and a pullback into the $80,000 to $85,000 support zone could offer a strong buying opportunity for medium-term investors looking to capitalise on Bitcoin’s continued momentum.

Bitcoin Daily Chart

S&P 500

While the medium and long-term uptrend remains bullish, the S&P 500 is at a critical turning point in the short term. The index has returned to support at 5,875, a level that previously acted as resistance before the election. How the market reacts at the start of the week will be crucial. Short-term traders should follow momentum, buying if the market rebounds from support or taking advantage of a short-term selling opportunity if the market breaks below this level. Medium- to long-term traders should remain buyers if support holds or wait for a significant drop to establish new positions.

S&P 500 Daily Chart

Trump’s election raises bets for a Fed pause

The US dollar continued flexing its muscles for this week, with the so-called ‘Trump trades’ showing no signs of cooling as the president-elect Republican party will control both chambers of the US Congress, which will make it very easy for Donald Trump to turn his pre-election promises into legislation.

The newly elected US president has been advocating for massive corporate tax cuts and tariffs on imported goods from around the globe, especially China, measures that are seen by the financial community as fueling inflation and thereby prompting the Fed to delay future rate reductions.

With the US CPI data already pointing to some stickiness in price pressures during October and Fed Chair Powell noting just yesterday that they do not need to rush in lowering interest rates, more market participants are becoming convinced that the Fed may need to take the sidelines soon. They are assigning a decent 37% chance for this happening in December and a stronger 57% for a January pause.

Will the PMIs seal the deal for a Fed pause?

With that in mind, this week, dollar traders may closely monitor the preliminary S&P Global PMI data for the month of November, due out on Friday, for clues as to whether the state of the US economy can indeed allow Fed officials to proceed at a slower pace.

The prices charged subindices may attract special interest as traders may be eager to find out whether the October stickiness rolled over into November. If this is the case, the probability for a January pause may increase further, driving Treasury yields and the US dollar even higher.

Amidst tariff clouds, euro awaits PMIs as well

On the same day, ahead of the US data, S&P Global will release the Eurozone and UK flash PMIs for November. In the Euro-area, the better-than-expected GDP data for Q3 and the rebound in CPI inflation for October have lessened the likelihood of a 50bps rate cut by the ECB at the upcoming decision.

Nonetheless, concerns that higher tariffs by a Trump-led US government could weigh on the Euro-area economy revived speculation for bold action by the ECB in December, with the euro tumbling to a more-than-one-year low.

Even if the PMIs point to some further improvement in business activity for November, concerns about the impact of Trump’s policies could remain elevated. Therefore, a potential rebound in the euro on the PMIs is likely to stay limited and short-lived.

The uncertainty surrounding Germany’s political scene could also be a headache for euro traders as a lengthy process to form a new coalition government may result in delays in entering negotiations with the US for finding common ground on trade.

Will the UK CPIs reveal early signs of rebound?

In the UK, there are more important releases for pound traders coming in ahead of Friday’s PMIs. On Wednesday, the CPI data for October are coming out, while on Friday, ahead of the PMIs, retail sales are due.

At its latest gathering, the BoE cut interest rates by 25bps but signaled it will proceed with caution on the pace of further easing, prompting market participants to push back their rate cut expectations. There is only an 18% chance for another reduction in December, with a quarter-point cut being fully penciled in for March 2025.

And this is despite the headline inflation rate dropping to 1.7% y/y in September. Perhaps investors have taken into account the still-elevated core rate and the upward revisions of the BoE itself. Just for the record, the Bank has raised its inflation forecast for 2025 to 2.7% y/y from 2.2%.

If Wednesday’s CPI data indeed show early signs of a rebound in price pressures, investors could push further back the timing of the next interest rate cut, something that could prove positive for the pound, especially if Friday’s retail sales come in on the bright side as well.

Canadian and Japanese inflation numbers also on tap

More CPI numbers are coming out this week. On Tuesday, the inflation chorus will start with the Canadian numbers, while on Friday, it will end with Japan’s Natonwide CPI data.

In Canada, there is a decent 35% chance for the BoC to deliver a back-to-back 50bps rate cut in December. The jobs data for October have been on the mixed side, with the unemployment rate holding steady at 6.5%, instead of rising to 6.6% as expected, but with the net change in employment slowing more than expected.

The report was not enough to stop the loonie from tumbling against the almighty US dollar, with dollar/loonie now trading at levels last seen in May 2020. Both the headline and core CPI rates stood at 1.6% y/y in October, while the closely watched trimmed CPI held steady at 2.4%. Further cooling may corroborate the notion that there are no upside inflation risks in Canada and may convince more traders to bet on a 50bps reduction in December, thereby pushing the loonie even lower.

In Japan, the BoJ kept interest rates untouched on October 31, but signaled that the conditions for raising rates again are falling into place. This and the latest slide in the yen convinced market participants that Japanese policymakers could hike again at the turn of the year, seeing rates 13bps higher in December and 20 in January.

Having said that though, even if Friday’s CPI data corroborates the view of higher rates soon, any yen recovery is likely to stay limited and short-lived due to further potential strength in the US dollar and due to the hikes being already priced in.